{"id":3785,"date":"2014-11-13T11:22:18","date_gmt":"2014-11-13T10:22:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/?p=3785"},"modified":"2015-11-29T00:27:34","modified_gmt":"2015-11-28T23:27:34","slug":"4-tipy-pro-ostrejsi-fotografie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/4-tipy-pro-ostrejsi-fotografie\/","title":{"rendered":"4 tipy pro ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed fotografie"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u011b\u017en\u011b se v\u00e1m st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee si po skon\u010den\u00ed fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edte fotografie na LCD displeji, a to s\u00a0neochv\u011bjn\u00fdm zadostiu\u010din\u011bn\u00edm jak kr\u00e1sn\u011b ostr\u00e9 jsou, jen abyste pozd\u011bji zjistili, \u017ee na monitoru vlastn\u011b tak ostr\u00e9 nejsou a poputuj\u00ed rovnou do ko\u0161e? Zde je n\u011bkolik tip\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou k\u00a0ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00edm sn\u00edmk\u016fm.<\/p>\n

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1. Objektiv<\/h3>\n

\u010casto se do\u010dteme, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo nastav\u00edme (t\u00edm v\u00edce se otvor roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed a do fotoapar\u00e1tu pronikne maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed sv\u011btla), t\u00edm rozost\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pozad\u00ed dos\u00e1hneme. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b toto nen\u00ed v\u017edy to nej\u0161\u0165astn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Pokud v\u00e1\u0161 objektiv opl\u00fdv\u00e1 sv\u011btelnost\u00ed f \/ 1.4, zkuste jej nastavit na f \/ 2.8. Pokud je toti\u017e clona \u201edoko\u0159\u00e1n\u201c, riskujete, \u017ee zaost\u0159eno bude jen na velmi \u00fazk\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br sn\u00edmku (nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e ost\u0159\u00edte na o\u010di, ale zbytek tv\u00e1\u0159e je m\u00edrn\u011b rozmazan\u00fd nebo pokud fotografujete v\u00edce ne\u017e jednu osobu \u2013 zaost\u0159\u00edte na jednoho konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka a zbytek skupiny bude rozost\u0159en\u00fd). Nastaven\u00ed clony je proto kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9; nesna\u017ete se o minim\u00e1ln\u00ed clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. Nastavte takov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 nech\u00e1 do fotoapar\u00e1tu proniknout dostatek sv\u011btla, vytvo\u0159\u00ed rozmazan\u00e9 pozad\u00ed, ale i p\u0159esto ponech\u00e1 objekt ostr\u00fd.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"shutterstock_189082472\"<\/a><\/p>\n

2. Fotoapar\u00e1t<\/h3>\n

I sebemen\u0161\u00ed pohyb fotoapar\u00e1tu ve v\u00fdsledku zp\u016fsob\u00ed sice jemn\u00e9, ale i tak ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed rozmaz\u00e1n\u00ed – \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako chv\u011bn\u00ed. Pokud sn\u00edm\u00e1te bez stativu, ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee spou\u0161\u0165 tiskn\u011bte jemn\u011b. Navzdory tomu, \u017ee m\u00e1te pevnou ruku, m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159i prudk\u00e9m stisknut\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011b zp\u016fsobit rozost\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed viditeln\u00e9 dokud si sn\u00edmek neprohl\u00e9dnete ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rozli\u0161en\u00ed ne\u017e na mal\u00e9m LCD displeji. A pokud se v\u00e1m ruce chv\u011bj\u00ed stejn\u011b jako mn\u011b, nebojte se pou\u017e\u00edt stativ. V\u00a0mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdti nepraktick\u00fd, ale v\u011b\u0159te, \u017ee se stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed frekvenc\u00ed jeho vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed se manipulace s n\u00edm st\u00e1v\u00e1 pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Osobn\u011b d\u00e1v\u00e1m p\u0159ednost tro\u0161e t\u00e9 n\u00e1mahy p\u0159ed rozmazan\u00fdm sn\u00edmkem.<\/p>\n

3. Objekt<\/h3>\n

Rychlost z\u00e1v\u011brky budete muset upravit v z\u00e1vislosti na fotografovan\u00e9m objektu. Fot\u00edte-li rychle se pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed objekt, budete p\u0159irozen\u011b muset rychlost z\u00e1v\u011brky zv\u00fd\u0161it. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pokud se pou\u0161t\u00edte do fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00fdch portr\u00e9t\u016f nebo statick\u00fdch objekt\u016f, m\u016f\u017eete si dovolit \u010das sn\u00ed\u017eit a dos\u00e1hnout tak mnoh\u00fdch zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch efekt\u016f (v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je stativ p\u0159\u00edmo nutnost\u00ed).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"shutterstock_271861091\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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S \u010dasem z\u00e1v\u011brky souvis\u00ed i ohniskov\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost objektivu. K dispozici m\u00e1me velmi obecn\u00e9 pravidlo, kter\u00e9 sdru\u017euje ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost s minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011brky tak, aby nedo\u0161lo k rozmaz\u00e1n\u00ed. Rovnice zn\u00ed takto: minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost z\u00e1v\u011brky = 1 \/ ohniskov\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost (v milimetrech). Tak\u017ee pokud m\u00e1me objektiv 80mm, minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost z\u00e1v\u011brky bude 1\/80 sekundy. Pokud m\u00e1me 50mm, bude to 1\/50 sekundy. Toto je jen obecn\u00e9 pravidlo a minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost z\u00e1v\u011brky z\u00e1vis\u00ed na klidu va\u0161\u00ed ruky. Jak jsem napsala d\u0159\u00edve, ani m\u011b se chv\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed nevyhne, tak\u017ee obvykle vyn\u00e1sob\u00edm ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost 4x a to je m\u00e1 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost z\u00e1v\u011brky. Tak\u017ee s objektivem 50mm – 50 x 4 = 200 je moje minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost z\u00e1v\u011brky \u00a01\/200 sekundy. Zde mluv\u00edm samoz\u0159ejm\u011b o fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed bez stativu.<\/p>\n

4. RAW<\/h3>\n

Pokud sn\u00edm\u00e1te do RAW a importujete fotografie do po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, budou se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jevit m\u00e9n\u011b ostr\u00e9. V\u00a0tomto bod\u011b mus\u00edte ostrost v\u00a0postprocesu vyladit s\u00a0pomoc\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch program\u016f, nap\u0159. Lightroomu. Nep\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bjte to, perfektn\u00ed ost\u0159en\u00ed je b\u011bh na dlouhou tra\u0165!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u011b\u017en\u011b se v\u00e1m st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee si po skon\u010den\u00ed fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edte fotografie na LCD displeji, a to s\u00a0neochv\u011bjn\u00fdm zadostiu\u010din\u011bn\u00edm jak kr\u00e1sn\u011b ostr\u00e9 jsou, jen abyste pozd\u011bji zjistili, \u017ee na monitoru vlastn\u011b tak ostr\u00e9 nejsou a poputuj\u00ed rovnou do ko\u0161e? Zde je n\u011bkolik tip\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou k\u00a0ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00edm sn\u00edmk\u016fm.   1. Objektiv \u010casto se do\u010dteme, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5699,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[79,3],"tags":[110],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3785"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3785"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3785\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}