{"id":1104,"date":"2013-12-30T10:38:02","date_gmt":"2013-12-30T10:38:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/?p=1104"},"modified":"2015-02-18T17:31:02","modified_gmt":"2015-02-18T16:31:02","slug":"prvni-fotografie-na-svete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/prvni-fotografie-na-svete\/","title":{"rendered":"Prvn\u00ed fotografie na sv\u011bte"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V ned\u011bli jsem nav\u0161t\u00edvil N\u00e1rodn\u00ed technick\u00e9 muzeum a nesta\u010dil se divit. Fotografii je v\u011bnovan\u00e1 kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 expozice, kter\u00e1 mapuje d\u011bjiny zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed obrazu pomoc\u00ed sv\u011btlocitliv\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku a\u017e po sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00ed fotoapar\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017en\u00e1 tu\u0161\u00edte, \u017ee prvn\u00ed fotografie na sv\u011bt\u011b byl\u00a0Pohled z okna v Le Gras. Pan\u00a0Nic\u00e9phore Ni\u00e9pce ji po\u0159\u00eddil z okna pomoc\u00ed camery obscury v roce 1826. Co je opravdu zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, expozice (doba, kdy byla otev\u0159en\u00e1 z\u00e1v\u011brka) trvala 8 hodin. \u00a0Srovnejte s dne\u0161n\u00edmi zrcadlovkami, kter\u00e9 b\u011b\u017en\u011b dostahuj\u00ed rychlosti kolem 1\/5000 &#8211; jedn\u00e9 p\u011btitis\u00edciny sekundy \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1105\" src=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/22.jpg\" alt=\"Prvn\u00ed fotografie na sv\u011bt\u011b\" width=\"600\" height=\"417\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/22.jpg 600w, https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/22-300x208.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Vra\u0165me se k prvn\u00ed fotografii na sv\u011bt\u011b. Je asi jasn\u00e9, \u017ee pokud by cht\u011bl pan Ni\u00e9pce fotografovat osoby t\u00edmto fotoapar\u00e1tem, jeho model by musel st\u00e1t 8 hodin bez hnut\u00ed. To je dost i na hradn\u00ed str\u00e1\u017e. \u00a0Ni\u00e9pce se spojil s p\u00e1nem, jeho\u017e jm\u00e9no zn\u00ed\u00a0Louis Jacques Mand\u00e9 Daguerre. Spole\u010dn\u011b experimentovali a zkou\u0161eli r\u016fzn\u00e9 metody jak fotit. 5. \u010dervence 1833 \u00a0v sedm hodin ve\u010der Josef Nicephore Niepce n\u00e1hle um\u0159el ve sv\u00e9m dom\u011b v Saint Loup de Varennes. V\u0161e z\u016fstalo na Daguerrovi. Ten se d\u00e1l v\u011bnoval fotografii a da\u0159ilo se mu zkracovat dobu expozice. O p\u011bt let ji\u017e dosahoval vynikaj\u00edc\u00edho v\u00fdsledku &#8211; pouze 10 minutov\u00e1 expozice. Vyu\u017eil toho a vyfotil\u00a0Boulevard du Temple s lidmi. Proto\u017ee m\u011bl tak dlouho otev\u0159enou z\u00e1v\u011brku, lid\u00e9 byli rozmazan\u00ed. Jen p\u00e1n, kter\u00fd si nechal \u010distit na ulici boty z\u016fstal zachycen. To je tak\u00e9 tip pro v\u00e1s. Chcete fotit architekturu a v z\u00e1b\u011bru p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017e\u00ed chodci? Sta\u010d\u00ed d\u00e1t fotoapar\u00e1t na stativ, po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b zaclonit a prodlou\u017eit dobu z\u00e1v\u011brky t\u0159eba na 10 sekund. V\u0161echny pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed se objekty zmiz\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1109\" src=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/42.jpg\" alt=\"Boulevard du Temple\" width=\"600\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/42.jpg 600w, https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/42-300x215.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Daguerr zdokonaloval svou techniku a da\u0159ilo se. Jednu z prvn\u00edch fotografi\u00ed &#8211; z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed v ateli\u00e9ru daroval hrab\u011bti\u00a0Klemensi Wenzel von Metternichovi. Francie ov\u0161em nesouhlasila s v\u00fdvozem fotografi\u00ed mimo jej\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed. Vznikl spor a fotografie se na n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010das ztratila. V 60. letech ji ov\u0161em na\u0161el Ing. Skopec na okn\u011b na z\u00e1mku Kyn\u017evart. Nyn\u00ed se vrac\u00edme k N\u00e1rodn\u00edmu technick\u00e9mu muzeu v Praze. Origin\u00e1l t\u00e9to fotografie od pana Daguerra si m\u016f\u017eete pr\u00e1v\u011b zde prohl\u00e9dnout. Je chr\u00e1n\u011bna v dus\u00edkov\u00e9m obalu a velmi spo\u0159e osv\u011btlena.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1110\" src=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/52.jpg\" alt=\"Prvn\u00ed fotografie na sv\u011bt\u011b\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/52.jpg 600w, https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/52-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><p>V expozici se tak\u00e9 dozv\u00edte, \u017ee pro p\u016fvodn\u00ed portr\u00e9ty musel model st\u00e1t nehybn\u011b 20 minut. V\u0161im\u011bte si na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed fotografii, \u017ee otec podep\u00edr\u00e1 d\u00edt\u011bti hlavu aby se b\u011bhem fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed nepohnulo. Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 bylo nehybn\u00e9 st\u00e1n\u00ed tak nesnesiteln\u00e9, \u017ee fotografov\u00e9 museli vyvinout speci\u00e1ln\u00ed op\u011brky, kter\u00e9 dr\u017eeli portr\u00e9tovanou osobu v dan\u00e9 pozici.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1111\" src=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/62.jpg\" alt=\"Prvn\u00ed fotografie na sv\u011bt\u011b\" width=\"600\" height=\"738\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/62.jpg 600w, https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/62-243x300.jpg 243w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pokud v\u00e1s zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00edce, ur\u010dit\u011b se do\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ntm.cz\/historicke-fotograficke-techniky\/cast-i-historicke-fotograficke-procesy-prehled\">N\u00e1rodn\u00edho technick\u00e9ho muzea<\/a>\u00a0zajd\u011bte pod\u00edvat.<\/p>\n<p>Za poskytnut\u00e9 informace d\u011bkuji pan\u00ed \u0160a\u0161kov\u00e9, kter\u00e1 se m\u011b p\u0159i prohl\u00eddce ujala.<\/p>\n<p>Na z\u00e1v\u011br si neodpus\u00edm jednu zaj\u00edmavost. Prvn\u00ed fotografie na internetu byla Les Horribles Cernettes a nenahr\u00e1l ji nikdo jin\u00fd ne\u017e zakladatel internetu\u00a0Tim Berners-Lee.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1124\" src=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/17.jpg\" alt=\"Prvn\u00ed fotografie na internetu\" width=\"600\" height=\"477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/17.jpg 600w, https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/17-300x238.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p> Begin MailChimp Signup Form &#8211;><\/p>\n<div id=\"mc_embed_signup\">\n<form id=\"mc-embedded-subscribe-form\" class=\"validate\" action=\"http:\/\/tipyjakfotit.us4.list-manage.com\/subscribe\/post?u=62c0b9fc42333af5d6664a376&amp;id=d6b86d0d56\" method=\"post\" name=\"mc-embedded-subscribe-form\" novalidate=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><label for=\"mce-EMAIL\">Chci dost\u00e1vat na email dal\u0161\u00ed tajn\u00e9 tipy profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch fotograf\u016f!<\/label><br \/> <input id=\"mce-EMAIL\" class=\"email\" name=\"EMAIL\" required=\"\" type=\"email\" value=\"\" placeholder=\"email address\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"clear\"><input id=\"mc-embedded-subscribe\" class=\"button\" name=\"subscribe\" type=\"submit\" value=\"P\u0159ihl\u00e1sit\" \/><\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n<p><!--End mc_embed_signup--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V ned\u011bli jsem nav\u0161t\u00edvil N\u00e1rodn\u00ed technick\u00e9 muzeum a nesta\u010dil se divit. Fotografii je v\u011bnovan\u00e1 kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 expozice, kter\u00e1 mapuje d\u011bjiny zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed obrazu pomoc\u00ed sv\u011btlocitliv\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku a\u017e po sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00ed fotoapar\u00e1ty. Mo\u017en\u00e1 tu\u0161\u00edte, \u017ee prvn\u00ed fotografie na sv\u011bt\u011b byl\u00a0Pohled z okna v Le Gras. Pan\u00a0Nic\u00e9phore Ni\u00e9pce ji po\u0159\u00eddil z okna pomoc\u00ed camery obscury v [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1105,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1104"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1104"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1104\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1104"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1104"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}