{"id":2679,"date":"2014-08-26T08:26:30","date_gmt":"2014-08-26T07:26:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/?page_id=2679"},"modified":"2014-09-21T14:21:22","modified_gmt":"2014-09-21T13:21:22","slug":"zaverka","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/foto-slovnik\/zaverka\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1v\u011brka"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bez z\u00e1v\u011brky by v\u0161echny fotografie byly jenom \u010dern\u00fdmi \u201e10×13\u201c \u00a0obd\u00e9ln\u00edky. Na takov\u00e9 fotky se jist\u011b d\u00e1 pohl\u00ed\u017eet jako na um\u011bn\u00ed, ale v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0n\u00e1s chce fotografii vid\u011bt hned a nezat\u011b\u017eovat p\u0159edstavivost t\u00edm, co by se asi mohlo skr\u00fdvat za tou \u010dernotou. A proto tu m\u00e1me z\u00e1v\u011brku fotoapar\u00e1tu. Jedn\u00e1 se o mechanismus, kter\u00fd propou\u0161t\u00ed sv\u011btlo na sn\u00edma\u010d (na film u klasick\u00fdch fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f nebo na CCD nebo CMOS \u010dip u nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f). Doba, po kterou sv\u011btlo na sn\u00edma\u010d p\u016fsob\u00ed, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 rychlost z\u00e1v\u011brky nebo tak\u00e9 doba expozice.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"Z\u00e1v\u011brka\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se dva typy z\u00e1v\u011brek \u2013 \u0161t\u011brbinov\u00e1 a centr\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011brka<\/strong> se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zpravidla u fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f, jejich\u017e objektivy nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 vym\u011bnit, nap\u0159\u00edklad u kompakt\u016f (d\u00e1le u dvouok\u00fdch zrcadlovek a velkoform\u00e1tov\u00fdch fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f). Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011brka je konstruov\u00e1na z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu lamel, kter\u00e9 se na ur\u010ditou dobu rozev\u0159ou a propust\u00ed sv\u011btlo na sn\u00edma\u010d.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0160t\u011brbinov\u00e1 z\u00e1v\u011brka<\/strong> se oproti tomu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 u jednook\u00fdch zrcadlovek (DSLR), a je slo\u017eena ze dvou lamel, pl\u00e1t\u011bn\u00fdch \u010di kovov\u00fdch , p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e osv\u00edcen\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010de je dosahov\u00e1no sou\u010dasn\u00fdm pohybem obou (p\u0159ed sn\u00edma\u010dem se v podstat\u011b posunuje \u0161t\u011brbina, kterou lamely vytvo\u0159\u00ed). Lze s\u00a0n\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout o pozn\u00e1n\u00ed krat\u0161\u00edho \u010dasu z\u00e1v\u011brky.<\/p>\n

\"Z\u00e1v\u011brka\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bez z\u00e1v\u011brky by v\u0161echny fotografie byly jenom \u010dern\u00fdmi \u201e10×13\u201c \u00a0obd\u00e9ln\u00edky. Na takov\u00e9 fotky se jist\u011b d\u00e1 pohl\u00ed\u017eet jako na um\u011bn\u00ed, ale v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0n\u00e1s chce fotografii vid\u011bt hned a nezat\u011b\u017eovat p\u0159edstavivost t\u00edm, co by se asi mohlo skr\u00fdvat za tou \u010dernotou. A proto tu m\u00e1me z\u00e1v\u011brku fotoapar\u00e1tu. Jedn\u00e1 se o mechanismus, kter\u00fd propou\u0161t\u00ed sv\u011btlo na sn\u00edma\u010d […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":2599,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2679"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2679"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2679\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tipyjakfotit.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}